1. What is Alpha Decay?

Alpha decay is a type of radioactive decay where an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle (helium-4 nucleus) and transforms into a different element. This process reduces both the mass number and atomic number of the parent nucleus.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the alpha decay equation:

Where:

• \( A \) — Mass number (dimensionless)
• \( Z \) — Atomic number (dimensionless)
• \( X \) — Parent isotope symbol
• \( Y \) — Daughter isotope symbol
• \( He \) — Helium-4 nucleus (alpha particle)

Explanation: The equation represents the nuclear reaction where a parent nucleus emits an alpha particle, resulting in a daughter nucleus with mass number reduced by 4 and atomic number reduced by 2.

3. Importance of Nuclear Equations

Details: Nuclear equations are essential for understanding radioactive decay processes, predicting reaction products, and applications in nuclear medicine, radiometric dating, and nuclear energy.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mass number (A), atomic number (Z), and parent isotope symbol. The calculator will automatically compute the resulting nuclear equation showing the daughter isotope and emitted alpha particle.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is an alpha particle?
A: An alpha particle is a helium-4 nucleus consisting of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, carrying a +2 charge.

Q2: Why does atomic number decrease by 2 in alpha decay?
A: The atomic number decreases by 2 because the alpha particle carries away 2 protons from the nucleus.

Q3: What elements typically undergo alpha decay?
A: Heavy elements with atomic numbers greater than 82 (lead) are most likely to undergo alpha decay.

Q4: How is energy conserved in alpha decay?
A: The mass difference between parent and daughter nuclei is converted to kinetic energy according to E=mc².

Q5: What are practical applications of alpha decay?
A: Used in smoke detectors, nuclear batteries, cancer treatment (targeted alpha therapy), and geological dating.