1. What is Electrical Energy?

Electrical energy is the energy derived from electric potential energy or kinetic energy of charged particles. It represents the capacity to do work through electrical means and is typically measured in watt-hours (Wh) or kilowatt-hours (kWh).

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the fundamental electrical energy formula:

Where:

• \( E \) — Electrical energy (Wh)
• \( P \) — Power (W)
• \( t \) — Time (hr)

Explanation: This formula calculates the total energy consumed by multiplying the power rating of an electrical device by the time it operates.

3. Importance of Energy Calculation

Details: Calculating electrical energy consumption is essential for energy management, cost estimation, environmental impact assessment, and efficient electrical system design.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter power in watts (W) and time in hours (hr). Ensure all values are positive numbers. The result will be displayed in watt-hours (Wh).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between power and energy?
A: Power is the rate at which energy is used (watts), while energy is the total amount of power consumed over time (watt-hours).

Q2: How do I convert watt-hours to kilowatt-hours?
A: Divide the watt-hour value by 1000. For example, 1500 Wh = 1.5 kWh.

Q3: Can I use this for DC and AC circuits?
A: Yes, the formula applies to both DC and AC circuits, though for AC circuits with reactive components, apparent power calculations may differ.

Q4: What are typical power ratings for household appliances?
A: LED bulb: 5-15W, Laptop: 50-100W, Refrigerator: 100-400W, Microwave: 800-1500W.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation for real-world applications?
A: This provides theoretical calculation. Actual consumption may vary due to efficiency losses, power factor, and variable load conditions.